DOCUMENTATION REPORT FOR GIS DATABASE: PHYSIOGRAPHIC MAP OF GEORGIA GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION GEORGIA SURVEY BRANCH Atlanta 1996 DOCUMENTATION REPORT 96-15 Table of Contents OVERVIEW GLOSSARY PART A General Description of the Database 1.0 Identification/background Information 1 2.0 Data Quality Information 1 2.1 Attribute Accuracy 1 2.2 Logical Consistency 1 2.3 Completeness 1 2.4 Positional Accuracy 1 2.5 Lineage 1 3.0 Spatial Data Organization Information 2 4.0 Spatial Reference Information 2 5.0 Entity and Attribute Information 2 6.0 Distribution Information 2 7.0 Metadata Reference Information 2 8.0 Approval for Release of the Database s 2 Appendix A-Signatures PART B Technical Description of The Database 1.0 Identification Information: 1 1.1 Citation: 1 1.2 Description: 1 1.3 Time Period of Content: 1 1.4 Status: 1 1.5 Spatial Domain: 1 1.6 Keywords: 2 1.7 Access Constraints: 2 1.8 Use Constraints: 2 1.9 Point of Contact: 2 1.10 Browse Graphic: 2 1.11 Native Data Set Environment: 2 2.0 Data Quality Information: 3 2.1 Attribute Accuracy: 3 2.2 Logical Consistency Report: 3 2.3 Completeness Report: 3 2.4 Positional Accuracy: 3 2.5 Lineage: 3 3.0 Spatial Data Organization Information: 5 4.0 Spatial Reference Information: 5 4.1 Horizontal Coordinate System Definition: 5 4.2 Vertical Coordinate System Definition: 5 5.0 Entity and Attribute Information: 6 6.0 Distribution Information: 8 6.1 Distributor: 8 6.2 Resource Description: 8 6.3 Distribution Liability: 8 6.4 Standard Ordering Process: 8 6.5 Custom Order Process: 8 7.0 Metadata Reference Information: 8 PART C The Digital Files Containing The GIS Database Summary of Contents of Diskette Floppy Diskette Jacket OVERVIEW This document contains a three part documentation report for a Geographical Information System (GIS) database developed, with the Arc/Info software, by the Geologic Survey Branch, Environmental Protection Division of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources. Part A is intended as a general purpose summary of the database. Part B is a more technical section included primarily for the benefit of GIS processors. Part C is a digital product which contains the database and associated documentation. The digital documentation includes a digital copy of the paper publication. This documentation report follows the "Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata" (Standards) developed by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) and published June 8, 1994. As a convenience, Parts A and B employ the outline/headings contained in the Standards. Part A and Part B are printed on paper and Part C is a digital product. Part B meets the technical requirements of the Standards. The Digital documentation in Part C contains two digital copies of this publication. One digital copy is stored as an ASCII file. The other digital copy is in Rich Text Format. The digital database in Part C consists of an Arc/Info Export File. The digital files are written to a 3.5 inch diskette. A directory of the files with a short explanation are contained in the ASCII file READ.ME on the disk. This database was developed to satisfy specific project purposes. Users are advised to read the entire Documentation Report and to evaluate the suitability and limitations of the database for the user's purpose. GLOSSARY Arc/Info: a popular GIS software, used by the GGS. ascii: abbreviation for 'American Standard Code for Information Interchange. A set of codes for representing alphanumeric information in a format which any computer can read. attribute: a characteristic of a geographic feature. For example, if the geographic feature is a river, then an attributes of the river are the river name, the flow rate, the chemical history, etc. attribute accuracy: a measure of how well the reported characteristics actually match the real-world characteristics of a geographic feature. Compact Disk Read Only Memory (CDROM): an optical media which can store 650 Mb of information. completeness: a description of the relation between the items represented in the database and the real world. For example, if a database contains water wells in Georgia, does it contain all the water wells in Georgia, or a defined sub-set of wells. If the database contains a defined subset of wells, does it contain every well in Georgia that meets the definition by which the sub-set was chosen. Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata: a standard developed by the FGDC which specifies the information content of metadata for a set of digital geospatial data. database: a logical collection of interrelated information, managed and stored as a unit on a computer or other storage media. A GIS database includes data about the spatial location and shape of geographic features recorded as points, lines, areas, as well as their attributes. decimal degrees: a unit of measure for geographic coordinates. The conversion formula for decimal degrees is: Decimal Degrees = Degrees + Minutes/60 +Seconds/3600. Department of Natural Resources (DNR): a department of the government of the State of Georgia. digital: refers to the process of conversion of information into machine language so that a computer can read, write, store, and process the information. Digital Line Graph (DLG): computer files from the USGS which contain digital information of transportation, hydrography, contours, and public land survey boundaries. digital maps: a map is an abstract representation of the physical features of a portion of the Earth's surface graphically displayed on a piece of paper. When that piece of paper is converted into a form which the computer can use, the map is then digital. diskette: a storage medium, usually measuring 3.5 inches in diameter, which is used to store or transfer information from one computer to another. Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC): an inter-governmental committee established through the Office of Management and Budget and charged with the responsibility to coordinate various surveying, mapping, and spatial data activities to meet the needs of the Nation. FIPS: Federal Information Processing Standard. FrameMaker: a popular Unix-based word processing software. Geographic Information System (GIS): an organized collection of computer hardware, software, geographic data, and personnel designed to efficiently capture, store, update, manipulate, analyze, and display all forms of geographically referenced information. label points: a single x,y coordinate which identifies an area, and holds a place in the database wherein the area's attribute information is stored. latitude, longitude: a geographic reference system to locate positions on the Earth. Latitude and longitude are angles measured from the Earth's center to the position on the Earth's surface. Latitude measures angles in a north-south direction, while longitude measures angles in the east-west direction. lineage: information about the events, parameters, and source data which constructed a geographic database, and information about the responsible parties. logical consistency: an explanation of the fidelity of the relationships in the database. For example, for a geographic area, do the vector lines which create area boundaries join to encircle the area with no gaps. Or for example, for a particular attribute, are all the values given within a valid range. longitude, latitude: see latitude, longitude. metadata: information about the content, quality, condition, and other characteristics of a database. MIF: abbreviation for Maker Interchange Format, a file transfer format produced by FrameMaker. National Map Accuracy Standards: a set of standards developed by the USGS which states the level of accuracy required for a map product of a particular scale. pkzip: a popular data compression software. positional accuracy: an assessment of how well the reported position of a geographic feature represents the real-world position. United States Geological Survey (USGS): a branch of the United States Department of Interior. vector lines: lines which are described by x,y coordinates and are commonly used to represent linear geographic features. Each linear feature is represented as an ordered list of vertices. PART A - GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GIS DATABASE: PHYSIOGRAPHIC MAP OF GEORGIA 1.0 Identification/Background Information This document describes the "Physiographic Map of Georgia" Arc/Info Geographic Information System (GIS) database which was developed by the United States Geologic Survey (USGS) in a cooperative project with the Georgia Geologic Survey (GGS). The technical section (Part B) uses the format defined for Digital Geospatial Metadata by the Federal Geographic Data Committee(FGDC) and contains portions of the Arc/Info "Datadict AML" software which was developed by the Montana State Library. This is a database of polygons which can be combined with other data layers such as political boundaries. This database was created in 1986 by a process of digitizing the existing 1 to 2,000,000 Physiographic Map of Georgia (SM4, Circular One, GGS) which had been prepared by William Z. Clark Jr. and Arnold C. Zisa for the Georgia Department of Natural Resources in 1976. 2.0 Data Quality Information 2.1 Attribute Accuracy Attribute accuracy for the area and length attributes is unknown. Physiographic province attributes (symbol abbreviations and names) were checked by visual inspection through a comparison of a large-scale printout of the database to the published Physiographic Map of Georgia. Detected errors were corrected and the attribute accuracy is 100 percent. 2.2 Logical Consistency Color shades were chosen so that when plotted, the physiographic province unit colors would match as closely as possible the published Physiographic Map of Georgia. A visual inspection for attribute errors was conducted when the map was plotted and physiographic province units were compared to the published map. Detected attribute errors were corrected. The statewide physiographic database was drawn on the computer screen and overlaid with existing state and county political boundaries to compare spatial and projection accuracy. No corrections were necessary. 2.3 Completeness This database was completed for the entire state of Georgia. 2.4 Positional Accuracy No errors were introduced into the data base through digitizing the original 1 to 2,000,000 scale map and further processing the data. However, because this particular data was obtained from a thematic map which shows areas having imprecise borders, an accuracy calculation is problematic. The original map was developed through a process of interpreting geological structures from the State Geology map and choosing areas for inclusion as a physiographic province based on geology and professional experience. 2.5 Lineage This coverage was created in 1986 by digitizing the published Physiographic Map of Georgia. The scale of the published map is 1 to 2,000,000. It was at the scale of the paper product (1 to 2,000,000) that the digitizing was accomplished using a Calcomp 9100 digitizer running under Arc/Info 3.1 on a Prime minicomputer. The digitized data was then processed as described in detail in Part B of this report. Because there are only 24 separate District categories in this coverage error checking was fast and exhaustive. Total attribute assignment accuracy was achieved and the coverage matches the published map. 3.0 Spatial Data Organization Information These data consist of a series of polygons representing physiographic provinces with unique numbers assigned matching the published map. Each polygon has a name and abbreviation for the province. There are 26 labeled polygons or records in this data base. 4.0 Spatial Reference Information This database is stored in the Albers Conic Equal Area projection with units in meters. Further information on the specific parameters used can be found in Part B. 5.0 Entity and Attribute Information This database consists of one entity (physiographic provinces) with two attributes contained in an attribute table. The attributes are PHYS-NAME which is a user assigned description for the physiographic district that the polygon represents and NAME which is the district name for the physiographic attribute represented by the polygon. 6.0 Distribution Information This database is maintained at the GGS as DOCUMENTATION REPORT 96-15 and is contained in the digital files in Part C of this publication. 7.0 Metadata Reference Information The metadata is incorporated within this publication, DOCUMENTATION REPORT 96-15. Part B, the Technical Section of this publication, meets the "Contents Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata" approved by the Federal Geographic Data Committee on June 8, 1994. 8.0 Approval for Release of the Database See the signature sheet attached to this Part A document. APPENDIX A-SIGNATURE Signatures for the GIS Database:Physiographic Map of Georgia. Part A: General Description of the Database Prepared by: _____________________(Signed) ____________________ Dr. Alan Sandercock ___(Printed) (Date Signed) _Environmental Specialist (Title) Checked by: ______________________(Signed) ____________________ _Victoria P. Trent_______(Printed) (Date Signed) _Senior Geologist _______(Title) Part B: Technical Description of the Database Compiled by: _____________________(Signed) ____________________ Dr. Alan Sandercock___(Printed) (Date Signed) Environmental Specialist_(Title) Checked by: ______________________(Signed) ____________________ _Victoria P. Trent_______(Printed) (Date Signed) _Senior Geologist_______(Title) Data Provider Reference The original data was provided by the Georgia Geologic Survey and is cited in section 2.5 of Part B of this publication. Authorization The Georgia Geologic Survey authorizes the release of this GIS database as described in Parts A and B of the accompanying documentation. Reviewed by: _____________________(Signed) ____________________ B. Roger Carter________(Printed) (Date Signed) Regulatory Support Program Manager (Title) Authorized by: ______________________(Signed) ____________________ Dr. William H. McLemore_(Printed) (Date Signed) State Geologist__________(Title) PART B - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE DATABASE: PHYSIOGRAPHIC MAP OF GEORGIA !.0 - Identification_Information: 1.1 Citation Citation_Information Originator: Georgia Geologic Survey Publication_Date: 1987 Title: Physiographic Map of Georgia Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information Publication_Place: Atlanta Publisher: Georgia Geologic Survey 1.2 Description Abstract: Physiographic map of Georgia showing Division, Province and Section. Purpose: This GIS database was developed for the Environmental Protection Division for use in analysis to support EPD's environmental protection programs. 1.3 Time_Period_of_Content Time_Period_Information Range_of_Dates/Times Beginning_Date: 19760101 Ending_Date: 19761231 Currentness_Reference: Publication Date 1.4 Status Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown 1.5 Spatial_Domain Bounding_Coordinates West_Bounding_Coordinate: -85.485802 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.638298 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.968601 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.346800 Data_Set_G-Polygon Data_Set_G-Polygon_Outer_G-Ring G-Ring_Latitude: 35.0646 G-Ring_Longitude: -85.7088 G-Ring_Latitude: 35.0346 G-Ring_Longitude: -82.4282 G-Ring_Latitude: 31.9696 G-Ring_Longitude: -80.3251 G-Ring_Latitude: 30.2337 G-Ring_Longitude: -81.141 G-Ring_Latitude: 30.3322 G-Ring_Longitude: -85.5676 G-Ring_Latitude: 35.0646 G-Ring_Longitude: -85.7088 1.6 Keywords Theme Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: geomorphology, geology Place Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Georgia 1.7 Access_Constraints: None 1.8 Use_Constraints: Not for use at scales greater than 1:2,000,000. 1.9 Point_of_Contact Contact_Information Contact_Organization_Primary Contact_Organization: Georgia Geologic Survey Contact_Person: Alan Giles Contact_Position: Information Geologist Contact_Address Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 19 MLK Jr. Dr. SW, Rm. 400 Ag. Bldg. City: Atlanta State_or_Province: Georgia Postal_Code: 30334 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (404) 657-6123 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (404) 657-8379 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: alan_giles@mail.dnr.state.ga.us Hours_of_Service: 8:00 to 4:30 EST 1.10 Browse Graphic: Browse Graphic File Name: None Browse Graphic File Description: None Browse Graphic File Type: None 1.11 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Arc/Info version 7.0.2, D.G. AViiON with DGUX version 5.4 Pathname = /a/alan/physio/physio 2.0 Data_Quality_Information: 2.1 Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Attributes (physiographic-unit symbols and their representative colors) were checked by visual inspection through a comparison of a plot of the database to the published Physiographic Map of Georgia. The digital product is therefore consistent with the published map. 2.2 Logical_Consistency_Report: Polygon and arc-node topology exists. Color shades were chosen so that when plotted, the physiographic unit colors would match as closely as possible the published Physiographic Map of Georgia. A visual inspection for attribute errors was conducted when the map was plotted and physiographic units were compared to the published map. There were no errors. The statewide physiographic database was drawn on the computer terminal screen and overlaid with existing state and county political boundaries to compare spatial and projection accuracy. No corrections were necessary. 2.3 Completeness_Report: Data set is complete for the entire state of Georgia. 2.4 Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Vector accuracy is believed to be accurate to 2 miles. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: NONE 2.5 Lineage Source_Information Source_Citation Citation_Information Originator: Georgia Department of Natural Resources Publication_Date: 19760101 Title: Physiographic Map of Georgia Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information Publication_Place: Atlanta, Georgia Publisher: Georgia Department of Natural Resources Other_Citation_Details: Map was reprinted in 1988 by the Georgia Survey Branch of the Environmental Protection Division of the Georgia DNR Source_Scale_Denominator: 2000000 Type_of_Source_Media: Paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content Time_Period_Information Range_of_Dates/Times Beginning_Date: 19860101 Ending_Date: 19861231 Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication Date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 1 Source_Contribution: Source of Physiographic boundaries and attribute information to distinguish the different Physiographic districts from each other. Process_Step Process_Description: This coverage was created in 1986 by digitizing the published Physiographic Map of Georgia. The scale of the published map is 1 to 2,000,000. It was at the scale of the paper product (1 to 2,000,000) that the digitizing was accomplished using a Calcomp 9100 digitizer running under Arc/Info 3.1 on a Prime minicomputer On completing the digitizing, the ArcEdit module of Arc/Info was used to edit arcs to ensure that there were neither over or under shooting of other arcs. ArcEdit allowed for the arcs to be seamlessly snapped together. With polygon areas closed by editing the next step was a BUILD of the coverage issued from the Arc/Info command prompt. The BUILD command ensured that coverage topology was developed. This is a necessary precursor to the steps required to link the Geographical component of the data to the attributes. A CREATELABELs command populated each polygon in the coverage with a label point. ADDITEM was next used to add item values to the coverage PAT to represent the district abbreviation and full name. These are PHYS-NAME and NAME respectively. In the INFO component of Arc/Info a user assigned ID for each polygon was calculated using the command: CALC PHYSIO-ID = PHYSIO# - 1 The Info CALC command uses the internal id to produce a unique external ID that can be associated with each label. A map was produced plotting out polygon areas with a user assigned ID for each area. In INFO, attributes were assigned to PHYS-NAME and NAME by comparing the check map to the published map and identifying the record ID which is updated. Finally when the above items were fully populated with attribute values, a check plot was made in ArcPlot using POLYGONSHADES. The resulting output was compared against the published map and any errors corrected. Because there are only 24 separate District categories in this coverage error checking was fast and exhaustive. Total attribute assignment accuracy was achieved and the coverage matches the published map. 3.0 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information SDTS_Terms_Description SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Complete Chain Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 107 SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 27 SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Area Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 26 4.0 Spatial_Reference_Information: 4.1 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition Planar Map_Projection Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area Albers_Conical_Equal_Area Standard_Parallel: 29.5 Standard_Parallel: 45.5 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -83.5 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23 False_Easting: 0.00000 False_Northing: 0.00000 Planar_Coordinate_Information Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation Abscissa_Resolution: .1 Ordinate_Resolution: .1 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98 4.2 Vertical Coordinate System Definition: None 5.0 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description Entity_Type Entity_Type_Label: PHYSIO.AAT Entity_Type_Definition: Arc Attribute Table Entity_Type_Definition_Source: None Attribute Attribute_Label: LENGTH Attribute_Definition: Length of line Attribute_Definition_Source: None Attribute_Domain_Values Range_Domain Range_Domain_Minimum: 11 Range_Domain_Maximum: 448681 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: METERS Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 0 Attribute Attribute_Label: EDGE Attribute_Definition: Attribute_Definition_Source: None Attribute_Domain_Values Range_Domain Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1 Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 0 Detailed_Description Entity_Type Entity_Type_Label: PHYSIO.PAT Entity_Type_Definition: Polygon Attribute Table Entity_Type_Definition_Source: None Attribute Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Area of polygon Attribute_Definition_Source: None Attribute_Domain_Values Range_Domain Range_Domain_Minimum: 17816768 Range_Domain_Maximum: 23590928384 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Square METERS Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 0 Attribute Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Perimeter of polygon Attribute_Definition_Source: None Attribute_Domain_Values Range_Domain Range_Domain_Minimum: 27687 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1608991.625 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: METERS Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 0 Attribute Attribute_Label: PHYS-NAME Attribute_Definition: Physiographic Abbreviation User assigned description for the physiographic district that the polygon represents Attribute_Definition_Source: None Attribute_Domain_Values Unrepresentable_Domain: Character field Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 0 Attribute Attribute_Label: NAME Attribute_Definition: Expanded District Name District name for the physiographic attribute of a particular polygon. Attribute_Definition_Source: None Attribute_Domain_Values Unrepresentable_Domain: Character field Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 0 Attribute Attribute_Label: PHYSIO# Attribute_Definition: Internally assigned ID Attribute_Definition_Source: None Attribute_Domain_Values Range_Domain Range_Domain_Minimum: 2 Range_Domain_Maximum: 27 Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 19940101 Attribute Attribute_Label: PHYSIO-ID Attribute_Definition: User Assigned ID Attribute_Definition_Source: None Attribute_Domain_Values Range_Domain Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 26 Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 19940101 6.0 Distribution_Information: 6.1 Distribution: See Point of Contact, See Sect. 1.9 6.2 Resource Description: 3.5 inch diskette with Arc/Info export file for coverage and documentation on file at Georgia Geologic Survey. 6.3 Distribution Liability: Users must assume responsibility to determine the usability of this data for their purposes. 6.4 Standard Ordering Process: See Custom Ordering Process, Section 6.5 6.5 Custom Order Process: Contact the Georgia Geologic Survey, See Sect. 1.9 7.0 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 19960229 Metadata_Review_Date: 19960305 Metadata_Contact Contact_Information Contact_Organization_Primary Contact_Organization: Georgia Geologic Survey Contact_Person: Alan Sandercock Contact_Address Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 19 MLK Jr. Dr. SW, Rm. 400 Ag. Bldg. City: Atlanta State_or_Province: Georgia Postal_Code: 30334 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (404) 657-6123 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (404) 657-8379 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: alan_giles@mail.dnr.state.ga.us Hours_of_Service: 8:00 to 4:30 EST Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: 19940608 PART C - THE DIGITAL FILES CONTAINING THE GIS DATABASE: PHYSIOGRAPHIC MAP OF GEORGIA SUMMARY STATEMENT/DESCRIPTION OF THE CONTENTS OF PART C The digital files are written on the enclosed 3.5 inch diskette The diskette contains: 1. READ.ME - an ASCII file which is a digital copy of this summary. 2. DOCUMENT.ASC - an ASCII file which is a digital copy of this publication 3. DOCUMENT.RTF- a digital copy of this publication, in Rich Text Format 4. physio.e00 - the GIS database in Arc/Info export format. The physio.e00 file size is 397,000 bytes. 1